Very similar to the placement of a comma, variations in capitalization can have an effect on that means fairly a bit.  Take PrEP and PREP.  The previous refers to the usage of sure antiviral medicines for pre-exposure prophylaxis to HIV, which has been hailed as a paradigm shift in treating HIV.  We recall that FDA was so impressed with the primary revealed research supporting PrEP that it requested the producer of the examine medicine—a three-in-one capsule—to use for the novel indication.  A type of drug substances, tenofovir, has for the previous couple of years been the topic of a very weird concept of legal responsibility that the producer ought to have switched from the unique chemical, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, to an allegedly higher model it developed, tenofovir alafenamide, earlier than it did.  Whereas many courts have rejected these claims, together with primarily based on preemption, not too long ago each a California state appellate courtroom and a California federal courtroom  have endorsed the novel “responsibility to innovate” in these circumstances.  Along with being basically inconsistent with product legal responsibility ideas and public coverage, the applying to a drug that has been key in addressing a decades-long pandemic is distasteful, to place it mildly.

PREP, a minimum of on these pages, usually refers back to the sweeping immunity for COVID-19 counter-measures pursuant to the Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act of 2005.  The producer of tenofovir and the unique PrEP medicine additionally manufactures remdesivir, which has been one of many important antivirals to deal with COVID-19.  In Fust v. Gilead Sciences, Inc., No. 2:23-cv-2853 WBS DB, 2024 WL 732965 (E.D. Cal. Feb. 22, 2024), two plaintiffs filed a purported nationwide class motion in California state courtroom that asserted a lot of shopper safety claims on behalf of individuals allegedly injured by means of remdesivir, together with the survivors of individuals allegedly killed by means of remdesivir.  Of word, California has expansive shopper safety legal guidelines, particularly as utilized by its state courts, and these plaintiffs elected to not pursue them as a substitute of product legal responsibility claims, apart from negligent misrepresentation, which may slot in both bucket.  The defendant eliminated and moved to dismiss primarily beneath the PREP Act; in the meantime, plaintiffs moved to remand.

First up was the movement to remand.  The removing was primarily based on CAFA, the Class Motion Equity Act, which was supposed to supply material jurisdiction in federal courtroom for just about this precise state of affairs—a category that will cross state strains and contain substantial treatments even when introduced within the state the place the defendant relies.  The plaintiffs made some borderline frivolous arguments in help of remand, so we are going to tackle solely the least frivolous one.  Plaintiffs argued that its proposed nationwide class was not definitely worth the $5 million minimal beneath CAFA regardless that it sought compensatory and punitive damages and reduction that included a corrective advert marketing campaign and disgorgement of the earnings from the sale of the drug.  The Fust courtroom didn’t must look previous the corrective advert marketing campaign price, as a result of a number of circumstances estimated the price of equal or cheaper campaigns at properly above $5 million.  Id. at *1.

That meant that the federal courtroom additionally bought to resolve if PREP Act immunity worn out all of plaintiffs’ claims.  (To us, they might even have been preempted had the case proceeded.)  The PREP Act immunity evaluation has three elements, the primary two of which have been mainly walkovers right here.  A drug authorized to deal with COVID-19—remdesivir acquired an emergency use authorization in March 2020 and an approval for its SNDA in April 2022—was clearly a lined countermeasure and its producer was clearly a lined particular person.  Id. at *5.  All that was left was whether or not the claims within the swimsuit associated to “loss attributable to, arising out of, regarding, or ensuing from the administration of” the drug.  Extra particularly, claims for loss allegedly attributable to the “manufacture, labeling, distribution . . . packaging, advertising and marketing, promotion, [and] sale” of the drug would set off immunity.  Not surprisingly, the buyer safety, false promoting, and misrepresentation claims concerning the alleged over-statement of the advantages and under-statement of the dangers of a prescription drug walked proper into immunity.  The courtroom perused the grievance and concluded “[e]very main noun and verb comprising plaintiffs’ allegations relating to act, damage, and causation manifestly implication the broad protections” of the PREP Act.  Id. at *6.  This was in step with different choices we’ve mentioned and customary sense.

Talking of frequent sense, we might be remiss if we didn’t word that indication for remdesivir was restricted to sufferers hospitalized for COVID-19.  The proposed class was equally restricted.  So, had it caught round lengthy sufficient, each member within the class would needed to have been hospitalized as a result of results of a virus that induced a pandemic and acquired the antiviral that was the primary—and, for a very long time, solely—to obtain FDA authorization to deal with their life-threatening situation.  The reduction requested by that class would have included that the producer disgorge the earnings from the sale of the drug to everybody, together with these whose lives have been saved by its use.  As a convicted felon turned boxing promoter used to say, “Solely in America.”  Effectively, apart from the PREP Act and its utility in circumstances like Fust.  Even in California.